How Is A Circuit Board Production Line Produced? (Photos)

How is a circuit board production line produced? (Photos)

With the development trend of miniaturization and light weight of electronic products, many circuit boards in electronic equipment are using SMT manufacturing process, that is, surface mount technology, which means that each electronic component is soldered on the surface of the circuit board. There is no need to insert the through hole reserved on the circuit board as before, and then solder from the back.

SMT technology can make the processing of circuit boards more automated and fast, and reduce human interference. Parts using this technology have the advantages of small size, light weight and high stability compared to previous inserts.

An SMT production line includes the following key components: printing machine, placement machine, reflow oven, cooling equipment, auxiliary optical inspection equipment, cleaning equipment, drying equipment and material storage equipment.

Let's take a look at how a circuit board is produced.

First, prepare the electronic components to be used according to the electronic material list of the circuit board to be produced, and install them on the patch machine. The installation method is to install the material on the feeder, then insert the feeder into the corresponding area of the patch machine, and place the material with the material number in the fixed area. This is set during programming by the pre-production technician. Prepared material awaits the slabs flowing up and down the assembly line.

The circuit boards that are brought out are called PCB boards without parts. A PCB worker must manually paste them on the pallet one by one. There must be several PCB boards on each pallet . to determine the size.

The supporting board for loading PCB boards is made of a high-temperature-resistant material. This board will be loaded with PCB boards. After the entire production process is completed, the staff at the end of the assembly line will install the parts PCB and remove the boards. The empty pallets will be Will go back to the end of the thread.

The first battle on the production line is when the tin on these PCB boards is covered with a stencil with tiny holes. These small holes are facing the place where the PCB components must be installed on the board. The convenient place is when the soldering layer, components and component PCB are soldered and spot welded, the scraper is operated by the equipment, and the entire steel mesh is evenly brushed. The position of the solder layer on the PCB will be covered with solder paste with the thickness of the stencil.

The whole pallet will be loaded with printed tin PCB according to the transmission track, flow into the next station, and then here is the long-awaited patch station. Parts are already installed in the device. At this time, the equipment will install the component PCB on the designated position of the board according to the program written by the technician in advance. The installation process is actually like holding a suction device to suck out the electronic materials one by one from the feeder and place them on the board. The PCB on the feeder is upward. Of course, this absorption speed is countless times that of human beings, and the deviation will not exceed one-twentieth of the size of the element.

The electronic component PCB has been installed, waiting for the next process

When the placement machine installs all the electronic components, the support board will be loaded with these component PCBs, and at the last station of the manufacturing process, the high temperature reflow furnace, the temperature in the furnace is enough to dissolve the solder paste, and the molten tin will melt The component and component PCB are soldered firmly together.

The entrance of the reflow furnace, the PCB with the mounted component enters the furnace through the track

The temperature of the board flowing out of the reflow furnace is relatively high, and it needs to be cooled by the cooling device before it can flow to the final optical inspection station. After the end of this station, the manufacturing process of the electronic circuit board is basically completed, and the manufactured circuit board will be tested later.

After cooling, the tray PCB boards manufactured by tray loading flow into the optical inspection equipment for optical inspection to determine whether the components and component PCBs are welded well and whether there are defective products.

After the optical inspection equipment inspection, the final personnel will conduct a visual inspection of the circuit board processing production , and use an electronic magnifying glass to finally determine the soldering condition of the circuit board

Finally, the staff at the end of the line will remove the inspected circuit board from the pallet and put it into a special plastic tray. The whole processing process is completed.